Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English - tartar
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Tartar
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1.
(tartars) 1. Tartar is a hard yellowish substance that forms on your teeth and causes them to decay if it is not removed. N-UNCOUNT 2. If you describe someone, especially a woman in a position of authority, as a tartar, you mean that they are fierce, bad-tempered, and strict. (INFORMAL) She can be quite a tartar. N-COUNT 3. see also cream of tartar ...Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner's English Dictionary
2.
adjective see tartar II TARTAR I. noun Etymology: Middle English, from Anglo-French, from Medieval Latin ~um Date: 14th century 1. a substance consisting essentially of cream of ~ that is derived from the juice of grapes and deposited in wine casks together with yeast and other suspended matters as a pale or dark reddish crust or sediment; especially a recrystallized product yielding cream of ~ on further purification 2. an incrustation on the teeth consisting of plaque that has become hardened by the deposition of mineral salts (as calcium carbonate) II. noun Etymology: Middle English Tartre, from Middle French Tartare, probably from Medieval Latin Tartarus, modification of Persian Tatar — more at Tatar Date: 14th century 1. capitalized a native or inhabitant of Tartary 2. capitalized Tatar 2 3. often capitalized a person of irritable or violent temper 4. one that proves to be unexpectedly formidable • Tartar adjective • Tartarian adjective ...Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary
3.
n. 1 a hard deposit of saliva, calcium phosphate, etc., that forms on the teeth. 2 a deposit of acid potassium tartrate that forms a hard crust on the inside of a cask during the fermentation of wine. Phrases and idioms tartar emetic potassium antimony tartrate used as a mordant and in medicine (formerly as an emetic). Derivatives tartarize v.tr. (also -ise). Etymology: ME f. med.L f. med.Gk tartaron TARTAR n. & adj. (also Tatar except in sense 2 of n.) --n. 1 a a member of a group of Central Asian peoples including Mongols and Turks. b the Turkic language of these peoples. 2 (tartar) a violent-tempered or intractable person. --adj. 1 of or relating to the Tartars. 2 of or relating to Central Asia E. of the Caspian Sea. Phrases and idioms tartar sauce a sauce of mayonnaise and chopped gherkins, capers, etc. Derivatives Tartarian adj. Etymology: ME tartre f. OF Tartare or med.L Tartarus ...Толковый словарь английского языка Oxford English Reference
4.
1. татарин; татарка the Tartars —- собир. татары 2. татарский язык 3. человек дикого, необузданного нрава; вспыльчивый, раздражительный человек 4. мегера, фурия 5. сл. противник не по силам to catch a Tartar —- встретить противника не по силам 6. татарский Tartar sauce —- соус тартар (из майонеза с мелко нарубленными маслинами, луком и т. п.; подается к рыбе) Tartar steak —- мясо по-татарски (остро приправленное молотое сырое мясо под сырым желтком) tartar 1. хим. винный камень ...Новый большой англо-русский словарь
5.
I Tartar 1. noun 1) татарин; татарка 2) человек дикого, необузданного нрава 3) мегера, фурия young tartar - трудный, капризный ребенок to catch a tartar - столкнуться с более сильным противником, встретить сильный отпор 2. adj. татарский II noun chem. винный камень TARTAR emetic chem. рвотный камень ...Англо-русский словарь
6.
- late M.E., from L. Tartarus, from Pers. Tatar, first used 13c. in reference to the hordes of Ghengis Khan (1202-1227). Form perhaps influenced by L. Tartarus "hell." The historical word for what are now called in ethnological works Tatars. Used figuratively for "savage, rough, irrascible person." Byron's tartarly (1821) is a nonce-word. TARTAR - 1392, from O.Fr. tartre, from M.L. tartarum, from late Gk. tartaron "tartar encrusting the sides of casks," perhaps of Semitic origin. The meaning "encrustation on teeth" is first recorded 1806. ...Английский Этимологический словарь
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